3- I can’t see the flowers buds clear enough to be certain, but check out Cirsium & Carduus groups. According to sources, species grow in NY include C. vugare , C. palustre, C. arvense, Carduus nutans ssp macrolepis),etc….If this isn’t any of these, make new post with photo of blooming flowers. Link below with images of Cirsium species. Best wishes! https://www.google.com/search?q=Cirsium&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1itrQ6ZzPAhXF7yYKHUZiAt0QiR4IggE&biw=1525&bih=668&dpr=0.9#tbm=isch&q=cirsium+leaves&imgdii=lMdJktGFZ6pqeM%3A%3BlMdJktGFZ6pqeM%3A%3Be9jqeJtTlOCfEM%3A&imgrc=lMdJktGFZ6pqeM%3A

2 – Check out Carolina horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) and see if you have a match. Best wishes! https://www.google.com/search?q=Solanum+carolinense.&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiUvvDV3ZzPAhXDwiYKHSijBfkQiR4IhQE&biw=1525&bih=668&dpr=0.9#imgrc=yVltGtdvkIDirM%3A

1- Not certain, maybe some thing in the Pluchea genus; Pluchea odorata (salt marsh fleabane, sweetscent)? Check it out and see if you have a match. If this isn’t that, make new post with photo of flowers are fully open. Best wishes! https://www.google.com/search?q=Pluchea+odorata+grow+in+NY&sa=X&biw=1525&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&ved=0ahUKEwjr7_PT1pzPAhUC6iYKHSlJDqMQ7AkIQw&dpr=0.9#imgrc=H9CE_YU6mnyFaM%3A